Calories (it)/second/cm² to Btus (IT)/hour/sq. foot Converter (cal/(s·cm²) to Btu/(h·ft²))
cal/(s·cm²) × 13272.08573537 = Btu/(h·ft²)
Calculation: 1 cal/(s·cm²) × 13272.08573537 = 13272.08573537 Btu/(h·ft²)
Common Calorie (IT)/second/cm² to BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot Calculations
Quick-lookup reference table showing calculated equivalents for standard increments between Calorie (IT)/second/cm² (cal/(s·cm²)) and BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot (Btu/(h·ft²)).
| Conversion & Equivalent Value | Scientific Notation |
|---|---|
| 0.001 cal/(s·cm²) 13.272086 Btu/(h·ft²) | 1.327 × 10¹ |
| 0.01 cal/(s·cm²) 132.720857 Btu/(h·ft²) | 1.327 × 10² |
| 0.1 cal/(s·cm²) 1327.208574 Btu/(h·ft²) | 1.327 × 10³ |
| 0.5 cal/(s·cm²) 6636.042868 Btu/(h·ft²) | 6.636 × 10³ |
| 1 cal/(s·cm²) 13272.085735 Btu/(h·ft²) | 1.327 × 10⁴ |
| 2 cal/(s·cm²) 26544.171471 Btu/(h·ft²) | 2.654 × 10⁴ |
| 5 cal/(s·cm²) 66360.428677 Btu/(h·ft²) | 6.636 × 10⁴ |
| 10 cal/(s·cm²) 132720.857354 Btu/(h·ft²) | 1.327 × 10⁵ |
| 20 cal/(s·cm²) 265441.714707 Btu/(h·ft²) | 2.654 × 10⁵ |
| 25 cal/(s·cm²) 331802.143384 Btu/(h·ft²) | 3.318 × 10⁵ |
| 50 cal/(s·cm²) 663604.286768 Btu/(h·ft²) | 6.636 × 10⁵ |
| 100 cal/(s·cm²) 1327208.573537 Btu/(h·ft²) | 1.327 × 10⁶ |
| 250 cal/(s·cm²) 3318021.433842 Btu/(h·ft²) | 3.318 × 10⁶ |
| 500 cal/(s·cm²) 6636042.867683 Btu/(h·ft²) | 6.636 × 10⁶ |
| 1000 cal/(s·cm²) 1.327209 × 10⁷ Btu/(h·ft²) | 1.327 × 10⁷ |
| Reciprocal & Equivalent Value | Scientific Notation |
|---|---|
| 1 Btu/(h·ft²) 7.534611 × 10⁻⁵ cal/(s·cm²) | 7.535 × 10⁻⁵ |
| 5 Btu/(h·ft²) 0.000376731 cal/(s·cm²) | 3.767 × 10⁻⁴ |
| 10 Btu/(h·ft²) 0.000753461 cal/(s·cm²) | 7.535 × 10⁻⁴ |
| 50 Btu/(h·ft²) 0.00376731 cal/(s·cm²) | 3.767 × 10⁻³ |
| 100 Btu/(h·ft²) 0.00753461 cal/(s·cm²) | 7.535 × 10⁻³ |
Real-World Context & Everyday Benchmarks
Tap to load into converterTo help contextualize these units in everyday life, science, and engineering, here are verified real-world reference points for Calorie (IT)/second/cm² (cal/(s·cm²)) and BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot (Btu/(h·ft²)):
Calorie (IT)/second/cm² References:
- Solar constant extraterrestrial solar irradiance at top of atmosphere 0.032507 cal/(s·cm²)
- Clear sky direct midday summer sunlight striking sea level ground 0.023885 cal/(s·cm²)
- Human body resting thermal metabolic heat radiation to room 0.001194 cal/(s·cm²)
- Overcast winter day diffuse solar irradiance at sea level 0.002388 cal/(s·cm²)
BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot References:
- Solar constant extraterrestrial solar irradiance at top of atmosphere 431.43 Btu/(h·ft²)
- Clear sky direct midday summer sunlight striking sea level ground 317 Btu/(h·ft²)
- Human body resting thermal metabolic heat radiation to room 15.8499 Btu/(h·ft²)
- Overcast winter day diffuse solar irradiance at sea level 31.6998 Btu/(h·ft²)
How to Convert Calorie (IT)/second/cm² to BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot
Converting Calorie (IT)/second/cm² (cal/(s·cm²)) to BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot (Btu/(h·ft²)) is a core calculation in Heat Flux Density, which measures the rate of thermal energy transfer radiating or conducting through a unit area per second. This calculation navigates the boundary between the International Metric System (SI) and British Imperial / US Customary engineering standards. In contemporary metrology, Imperial units are defined in terms of exact SI standards via international agreements—notably NIST SP 811 and the 1959 International Yard and Pound Agreement. Exactly 1 Calorie (IT)/second/cm² equals 13272.085735 BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot, while 1 Btu/(h·ft²) equals 7.534611 × 10⁻⁵ cal/(s·cm²).
Mathematical Conversion Derivation via Coherent SI Base Unit
Under the International System of Quantities (ISQ), dimensional conversion between non-SI units is rigorously resolved by bridging through the coherent SI base unit (watt per square meter (W/m²)) without arbitrary rounding:
1 cal/(s·cm²) = 41868 watt per square meter (W/m²)1 Btu/(h·ft²) = 3.154591 watt per square meter (W/m²)V(Btu/(h·ft²)) = V(cal/(s·cm²)) × ( 41868 / 3.154591 ) = V(cal/(s·cm²)) × 13272.085735Value in BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot = Value in Calorie (IT)/second/cm² × 13272.08573537Direct computational formula applied for standard conversion.Converting 36 cal/(s·cm²) yields an exact output of 477795.086473 Btu/(h·ft²) in BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot. Under higher industrial throughput, 5000 cal/(s·cm²) translates to 6.636043 × 10⁷ Btu/(h·ft²).
Inverse check: 1 Btu/(h·ft²) = 7.534611 × 10⁻⁵ cal/(s·cm²).Understanding Calorie (IT)/second/cm² and BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot
Calorie (IT)/second/cm²
cal/(s·cm²)A Calorie (IT)/second/cm² (cal/(s·cm²)) is a recognized unit for heat flux density.
Applications & Practical Context
In practical heat flux density terms, a solar constant extraterrestrial solar irradiance at top of atmosphere equals 0.032507 cal/(s·cm²), a clear sky direct midday summer sunlight striking sea level ground equals 0.023885 cal/(s·cm²), a human body resting thermal metabolic heat radiation to room equals 0.001194 cal/(s·cm²).
A physical magnitude of 1 cal/(s·cm²) corresponds to 41868 W/m² in standard SI measurement.
1 cal/(s·cm²) = 41868 W/m²BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot
Btu/(h·ft²)A BTU (IT)/hour/sq. foot (Btu/(h·ft²)) is an imperial and US customary unit for heat flux density.
Applications & Practical Context
In practical heat flux density terms, a solar constant extraterrestrial solar irradiance at top of atmosphere equals 431.43 Btu/(h·ft²), a clear sky direct midday summer sunlight striking sea level ground equals 317 Btu/(h·ft²), a human body resting thermal metabolic heat radiation to room equals 15.8499 Btu/(h·ft²).
A physical magnitude of 1 Btu/(h·ft²) corresponds to 3.154591 W/m² in standard SI measurement.
1 Btu/(h·ft²) = 3.154591 W/m²Domain Metrology & Engineering Applications
Thermal Transmission Flux (q = Q̇ / A)
Rigorously quantified in laboratory and field settings using Schmidt-Boelter heat flux gauges, differential thermopile foil transducers, and calibrated Gardon radiant gauges.
Applied across rocket nozzle combustion chamber analysis, fire resistance testing (ASTM E119), furnace wall heat loss auditing, and hypersonic aerothermal design under international metrology standard ISO 80000-5:2019, ASME PTC 19.3.
Formulas, conversion coefficients, and base definitions on this page strictly adhere to the ISO 80000-5:2019, ASME PTC 19.3 and the BIPM SI Brochure (9th Edition). Governed by Thermal Transmission Flux (q = Q̇ / A) under ISO 80000 dimensional vector [M T⁻³].
Heat Flux Density to Total Thermal Power Bridge (Watts • Kilowatts • Megawatts • BTU/h • Horsepower)
Calculate total continuous heat dissipation power P = q" × A across surface barriers and exchangers, bridging heat flux density [M T⁻³] with thermal power [M L² T⁻³].
P = q" × A
[W/m²] × [m²] → [W]
-
1. Normalize Input to SI Base Unit (W/m²):
q" = 1 cal/(s·cm²) × 41868 = 41868 W/m² -
2. Apply Engineering Parameter (A):
Selected condition: Industrial Hydronic Radiator Panel (8 m²) at A = 8 m² -
3. Execute Governing Physical Law in SI Units:
P = q" × A = (41868 W/m²) × (8 m²) = 334944 W -
4. Convert to Standard Engineering Units:
• W: 334944 × 1 = 334944 W (Watts) • kW: 334944 × 0.001 = 334.944 kW (Kilowatts) • MW: 334944 × 1 × 10⁻⁶ = 0.334944 MW (Megawatts) • hp: 334944 × 0.001341 = 449.1673 hp (Horsepower (Mechanical)) • PS: 334944 × 0.00136 = 455.3971 PS (Metric Horsepower (PS)) • BTU/h: 334944 × 3.4121 = 1142876.37 BTU/h (BTU per Hour)
| Engineering Substance / Operating Standard | Parameter Value (m²) | Reference State / Condition | Typical Industrial & Engineering Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| Residential Window Glazing (4 m²) | 4 |
4.0 m² | Double-pane exterior window glass aperture |
| Industrial Hydronic Radiator Panel (8 m²) | 8 |
8.0 m² | Convective space heating radiator surface |
| Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger (50 m²) | 50 |
50.0 m² | Industrial process fluid cooling bundle |
| Power Boiler Waterwall (200 m²) | 200 |
200.0 m² | Thermal power plant steam generator wall |
Frequently Asked Questions
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